Factors affecting the efficiency of a centrifugal pump

As you must know that every part of the puzzle needs a specific shape and type of a jigsaw piece- something that applies to the Oil and Gas industry when it comes to choosing the right category of pumps to mix and handle oilfield fluids. It is the centrifugal pumps, aided by the rotary motion of the centrifugal motor, that create enough centrifugal force in the pumps to discharge the fluids.

The industry uses different types of centrifugal pumps in many applications like, electric submersible pumps is used as a water and oil separator. It acts as water pumps to re-inject hundreds of gallons of water or low viscosity liquids in a short period into a reservoir- all done without lifting it to the ground surface.

But there are factors that ensure that these pumps manage to pull off their Herculean tasks with efficiency:

  • The level of viscosity in the fluid as low viscosity fluids are best suited for centrifugal pumps as the mechanics involved lead to high liquid shear.
  • The amount of work the pump has to do is directly proportional to the specific density and the gravity of the fluid coursing through it. For example, if it is oil, then the inner power required to pump it is exponentially more. 
  • The level of temperature and pressure are also key factors as fluctuations in both cases can only be countered by special gasketing, casing penetrations, seals, and mounting designs.
  • Vapour pressure, i.e., the pressure at  which a fluid will transition into vapor state as it will help in avoiding cavitation and bearing damage caused by dry running.

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